Brontekst bekijken van Sturmpistole

{{Infobox weapon
 | is_ranged         = yes
 | name              = Sturmpistole
 | image             = Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-732-0121-09A, Russland, Soldat der Division "Großdeutschland" (cropped).jpg
 | image_size        = 300
 | caption           = A ''Sturmpistole'' with Panzerwurfkörper 42 being demonstrated to German troops, Russia (1943)
 | origin            = {{flag|Nazi Germany}}
 | type              = [[Flare gun]]
<!-- Service history -->
 | service           = [[World War II]]
 | used_by           = Germany
 | designer          = 
 | manufacturer      = 
 | cartridge         = [[Flare]]<br>[[Smoke grenade|Smoke]]<br>[[Panzerwurfkörper 42]]<br>[[Wurfgranate Patrone 326]]<br>[[Wurfkorper 361]]
 | caliber           = {{convert|23|mm|in|abbr=on}}
 | action            = [[Break action]]
 | weight            = {{convert|2.5|kg|lboz|abbr=on}}
 | length            = Butt extended: {{convert|584|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}<br>Butt folded: {{convert|305|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}
 | part_length       = {{convert|180|mm|in|abbr=on}}
 | height            = 
 | rate              = 
 | feed              = [[Single shot]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Gander |first1=Terry |title=Weapons of the Third Reich : An Encyclopedic Survey of all Small Arms, Artillery, and Special Weapons of the German land forces, 1939-1945 |date=1979 |publisher=Doubleday |last2=Chamberlain |first2= Peter |isbn=0385150903 |location=Garden City, N.Y. |page=27 |oclc=5071295}}</ref>
 | range             = 
}}

The '''''Sturmpistole''''' ("assault-pistol") was an attempt by [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] during [[World War II]] to create a multi-purpose weapon which could be used by any [[infantryman]]. It consisted of a modified [[flare gun]] (''Leuchtpistole'') which could fire a variety of [[grenade]]s, including a {{convert|600|g|lboz|abbr=on}} [[shaped charge]] [[Panzerwurfkörper 42]] which could penetrate {{convert|80|mm|abbr=on}} of [[Rolled homogeneous armour|rolled homogeneous armor]]. The idea was not pursued wholeheartedly, and took second stage to the then current [[anti-tank rifle]]s and later weapon developments, such as the ''[[Panzerfaust]]'' recoilless and ''[[Panzerschreck]]'' rocket.

== Service use ==
The ''Sturmpistole'' was a multi-purpose weapon for signaling, illumination, target marking, or concealment with a [[smoke grenade]]. Later during World War II, explosive rounds were developed to give German troops a small and lightweight grenade launcher for engaging targets from close range which could not be engaged satisfactorily by infantry weapons or artillery without endangering friendly troops. Conversions of both the [[Leuchtpistole 34]] and [[Leuchtpistole 42]] flare guns are reported to exist. The conversion included adding a [[Stock (firearms)|buttstock]] and sights for the different grenades.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |author=US War Department. Military Intelligence Division |url=https://archive.org/details/TacticalAndTechnicalTrendsNos21-30-nsia |title=Tactical And Technical Trends Nos. 21-30 |date=1943-01-01 |via=archive.org}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=HE Grenades for German Signal Pistol|work= Tactical and Technical Trends No. 27 |date=June 17, 1943}}</ref>

''Sturmpistoles'' delivered to Romania were in use of ''Pioniere'' battalions.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=2017 |first=Alin Bogdan |last=Sămușan |title=Contribuții la istoria dotării cu armament a armatei române între 1944 și 1959 |trans-title=Contributions to the history of the Romanian army endowment with weapons from 1944 to 1959 |url=https://www.academia.edu/37411353 |journal=Buletinul Muzeului Militar Național |language=ro |volume=15}}</ref>

Available projectiles included:

* [[Multi-Star Signal Cartridge]] - This was a multi-star signal flare that contained three red and three green stars that could be set for six different color combinations.
*[[Panzerwurfkörper 42]] - This was a [[High-explosive anti-tank warhead|HEAT]] grenade that could be used against enemy armor. It had a range of {{convert|75|yd|m|abbr=on|order=flip}} and could penetrate {{convert|80|mm|in|abbr=on}} of [[Rolled homogeneous armour|RHA]] at 90 degrees. It was similar in layout to the ''Wurfkorper'' 361 and used a rifled cartridge case.
*[[Wurfgranate Patrone 326]] - This was a small, breech loaded, fin stabilized, explosive grenade, with a [[Artillery fuze#Percussion fuzes|nose fuze]] that was designed for short range low angle [[direct fire]] use. It was not recommended for use beyond {{convert|180| m|yd|abbr=on}} due to inaccuracy or less than {{convert|46|m |yd|abbr=on}} due to the risk from shell fragments.<ref name=":1" />
*[[Wurfkorper 361]] - The ''Wurfkorper'' 361 was formed by screwing a [[Bakelite]] or wooden stem into an [[Model 39 grenade|''Eierhandgranate'' 39]] which allowed it to be fired from a ''Leuchtpistole''. A brass or aluminum shell casing with propellant was first loaded into the breech of the gun. The stem was then slid down the muzzle until it slipped into the shell casing, the breech was then closed and the gun could be fired. The ''Wurfkorper'' 361 was used for high angle [[indirect fire]] where its [[Shrapnel shell|shrapnel]] would be useful. The Wurfkorper 361 was not recommended for use at less than {{convert|46|m|yd|abbr=on}} due to the risk from shrapnel and its maximum range was limited to around {{convert|78| m|yd|abbr=on}} at 45° because the grenade had a 4.5 second [[Fuze#Time|time fuze]].<ref name=":1" />

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="125">
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-698-0038-25A, Russland, Waffenvorführung (cropped).jpg|A Sturmpistole firing a HE grenade probably based on the [[Stielhandgranate#Model 1943 (M43)|Stielhandgranate 43]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-06-05|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=Stielhandgranate#Model 1943 (M43)|reason= The anchor (Model 1943 (M43)) [[Special:Diff/1097212542|has been deleted]].}}
File:Flare pistol, U-505, World War II - Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago) - DSC06765.jpg|Leuchtpistole 34
File:Leuchtpistole IMG 1728.jpg|Leuchtpistole 42
File:MULTI-STAR SIGNALCARTRIDGE.jpg|Schematic of Multi-Star Cartridge components
File:Wurfgranate Patrone 326 Leuchtpistole.jpg|Schematic of Wurfgranate Patrone 326 components
File:Wurfkorper Leuchtpistole.jpg|Schematic of Wurfkorper 361 components
</gallery>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
*Robert A. Slayton, ''Arms of Destruction: Ranking the World's Best Land Weapons of WWII'', Citadel Press, New York: [[Kensington Publishing Corp.]], {{ISBN|0-8065-2582-7}}
*{{citation |url=http://www.weaponplace.ru/ww2.php |title=Attack and assault guns of the Second World War |language=Ru}}
*{{citation |url=http://verstak45.narod.ru/konst01.htm |title=Kampfpistole/Sturmpistole in Variations on the theme of detachable buttstocks |language=ru}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170421192055/http://www.pionier39.pl/pioniere_lp28.html 2.7 cm Leuchtpistole 38, and Kampfpistole Sturmpistole]
*[https://www.academia.edu/37411353/Contribuții_la_istoria_dotării_cu_armament_a_armatei_române_între_1944_și_1959 Sturmpistole in use of Romanian Pioniere units]
{{WWIIGermanInfWeapons}}

[[Category:World War II infantry weapons of Germany]]
[[Category:Anti-tank weapons]]
[[Category:Trial and research firearms of Germany]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced from 1940 to 1944]]
[[Category:Grenade launchers of Germany]]