Brontekst bekijken van MG 13

{{Infobox weapon
| name               = MG13
| image              = File:Munster MG13 (dark1) noBG.png
| image_size         = 300
| alt                = 
| caption            = Maschinengewehr 13
| type               = [[Light machine gun]]
| origin             = [[Weimar Republic]]
<!-- Type selection -->
| is_ranged          = yes 
<!-- Service history -->
| service            = 1930–1945 (Germany) 
| used_by            = See [[#Users|Users]]
| wars               = [[Spanish Civil War]]<br />[[World War II]]<br />[[Second Sino-Japanese War]]<br />[[Chinese Civil War]]<br />[[Portuguese Colonial War]]
<!-- Production history -->
| designer           = 
| design_date        = 1928
| manufacturer       = 
| unit_cost          = 
| production_date    = 1930–1934
| number             = 
| variants           = 
<!-- General specifications -->
| spec_label         = 
| mass               = {{cvt|13.3|kg|lb}}
| length             = {{cvt|1443|mm|in}}
| part_length        = {{cvt|718|mm|in}}
| width              = 
| height             = 
| diameter           = 
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications --> 
| cartridge          = [[7.92×57mm Mauser]]
| cartridge_weight   = 
| caliber            = 
| barrels            = 
| action             = [[Short recoil]], fired from [[closed bolt]]
| rate               = 600 rounds/min
| velocity           = {{cvt|890|m/s|ft/s}}
| range              =  
| max_range          = {{convert|2000|m|yd}}
| feed               = 25 round box magazine, or 75 round saddle drum, 5 round stripper clip
| sights             =  
<!-- For all -->
| ref                = 
}}
The '''MG 13''' (shortened from German '''Maschinengewehr 13''') is a German [[light machine gun]] developed by converting the Dreyse Model 1918 heavy water-cooled machine gun into an air-cooled version.<ref name="SAOTW=10th">{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Joseph E. |title=Small Arms of the World |date=1973 |publisher=Stackpole Company |location=Harrisburg, PA |page=137 |edition=10th}}</ref>

==History==
Dreyse Model 1918 Machinegun: In 1907 [[Louis Schmeisser]] of [[Erfurt]] patented a machine-gun named in honor of the inventor of the needle gun by the heads of the factory where it was made which was founded by [[Johann Nicolaus von Dreyse|Dreyse]]. The Dreyse machine-gun was a heavy, usually tripod mounted, belt-fed and water cooled machine-gun.

The 1907 model was succeeded by the 1912 and later 1918 models. It was ordered the Model 1918 to be modernized by the company [[Simson (company)|Simson]] in Suhl. It became the MG13.<ref name="SAOTW=10th" />

==Usage==
[[File:Bundesarchiv N 1603 Bild-038, Rumänien, Flak-MG, Filmkamera.jpg|thumb|MG 13 in Anti-Aircraft Mount.]]
The MG 13 was introduced into service in 1930, where it served as the standard light machine gun until 1935.<ref name="SAOTW=10th" /> It was superseded by the [[MG 34]] and then later the [[MG 42]].

An unusual feature of the MG 13 was its double-crescent trigger, which provided [[select fire]] capability without the need for a fire mode selector switch. Pressing the upper segment of the trigger produced [[semi-automatic firearm|semi-automatic]] fire, while holding the lower segment of the trigger produced [[fully automatic]] fire. It also fired from a [[closed bolt]].

MG 13s were sold to Spain where they retained the designation of MG13 and to Portugal which used them into the late 1940s as the '''Metralhadora 7,92&nbsp;mm m/1938 Dreyse.'''<ref name="SAOTW=10th" /> Those MG 13's that were not sold but rather were placed into storage later saw use in World War II by second line German units. As it was easy to handle and reload, many second line troops could use the MG 13 with efficiency.

On later examples a 75-round saddle drum was also used. It was equipped with a folding butt stock and a carrying handle.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://world.guns.ru/machine/de/mg-13-e.html |title=MG 13 'Dreyse' machine gun (Germany) |website=World.guns.ru |date=27 October 2010 |access-date=4 December 2013}}</ref> It was used in the turret of the [[Panzer I]] tank.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzerkampfwagen-i.htm |title=Panzerkampfwagen I |website=Achtungpanzer.com  |access-date=4 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405012711/http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzerkampfwagen-i.htm |archive-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> 

The [[Chinese Nationalist]] Government also imported the MG 13 with the Panzer I Ausf A. tanks from Germany in 1936. The MG 13 was also used against the [[Japanese Imperial Army]] during the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} Portugal used it as a [[squad automatic weapon]] during the [[Portuguese Colonial War]], under the name ''m/938''.<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last1=Abbott |first1=Peter |last2=Rodrigues |first2=Manuel |title=Modern African Wars 2: Angola and Mozambique 1961-74 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |year=1998 |page=18}}</ref>

The [[Bundeswehr Museum of German Defense Technology]] in [[Koblenz]] has one of this specimen in its collection.

==Users==
*{{flag|Weimar Republic}}
*{{flag|Nazi Germany}}
* {{flag|Norway}}: [[Norwegian Police]] received ex-German MG-13s after WWII and converted them to MG-13k.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.smallarmsreview.com/display.article.cfm?idarticles=1451 |title=MG34 and MG42 in Norway, Post WW2 |first=Folke |last=Myrvang |date=December 2012 |magazine=Small Arms Review |volume=16 |number=4}}</ref>
*{{flag|Portugal}}
*{{ROC}}
*{{flag|Spanish State}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|MG 13}}
*{{cite book |url=https://pl.scribd.com/document/169073804/Dreyse-13-Manual-Del-Fusil-Ametrallador |title=Manual del Fusil Ametrallador 13 Dreyse |first=Matias V. |last=Turrión |date=1945 |language=es |location=Madrid |publisher=Editorial Gran Capitan}} (Manual for the MG 13)
*{{cite web |url=http://www.bodenfund-originale.de/mg13-dreyse-mg-13k-.html |title=Maschinengewehr 13 kurz Dreyse MG13 k |date=2014 |website=Militärische Bodenfund Originale |language=de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118193050/http://www.bodenfund-originale.de/mg13-dreyse-mg-13k-.html |archive-date=18 January 2016}} (Photo gallery)

{{WWIIGermanInfWeapons}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mg 13}}
[[Category:Light machine guns]]
[[Category:World War II infantry weapons of Germany]]
[[Category:World War II machine guns]]
[[Category:Machine guns of Germany]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s]]