Brontekst bekijken van Captain lieutenant

{{Short description|Naval military rank}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2021}}
{{Navalranks}}
'''Captain lieutenant''' or '''captain-lieutenant''' is a military rank, used in a number of navies worldwide and formerly in the [[British Army]].

==Northern Europe==
===Denmark, Norway and Finland===
The same rank is used in the navies of Denmark ({{lang|da|kaptajnløjtnant}}), Norway ({{lang|no|kapteinløytnant}}) and Finland ({{lang-fi|kapteeniluutnantti}}; {{lang-sv|Kaptenlöjtnant}}).

In Denmark and Norway, the higher rank is [[Ship-of-the-line captain]] ({{lang-da|Orlogskaptajn}}; {{lang-no|Orlogskaptein}}), and the lower rank is [[First lieutenant]] ({{lang|da|Premierløjtnant}}) in Denmark and [[Lieutenant]] ({{lang|no|Løytnant}}) in Norway.<ref name="Denmark_Navy"/><ref name="Norway"/>

===Estonia ===
In the [[Estonian Navy]] the similarly sounding rank of ''kaptenleitnant'' is an officer rank classified as NATO OF-4, i.e. equal to commander in the Royal Navy and United States Navy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-11 |title=Sümboolika |url=https://mil.ee/kaitsevagi/kaitsevae-symboolika/ |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=Kaitsevägi |language=et}}</ref>

=== Sweden ===
A captain lieutenant (''Kaptenlöjtnant'') was in Sweden an officer standing between [[Kapten|captain]] and [[Löjtnant|lieutenant]], who commanded one of the companies, which actually had the regimental commander, [[Överstelöjtnant|lieutenant colonel]] or [[Major (Sweden)|major]] as officer commanding. In 1750, the rank title of captain lieutenant was replaced by that of staff captain, whose number, when the rand of second major was established in 1757, became four in each infantry regiment. The rank was abolished in 1833.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/nfbm/0470.html |editor-last=Westrin |editor-first=Theodor |title=Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi |edition=New, rev. and rich ill. |year=1910 |publisher=Nordisk familjeboks förl. |location=Stockholm |volume=13 |language=sv |id={{SELIBR|8072220}} |page=884}}</ref>

==France==
The French Army of the ''[[Ancien Régime]]'' used a rank of ''capitaine-lieutenant'' very similar to the British one. It was mostly encountered in the Royal Guard (''[[maison du roi|maison militaire du roi]]''), where the king was officially captain of most of the guard companies, but the effective command was in the hands of a captain-lieutenant. [[D'Artagnan]] is perhaps the most famous captain-lieutenant in French history, as commander of the first [[Musketeers of the Guard|''mousquetaire'']] company.

==Germany==
{{Main article|Kapitänleutnant}}
{{see also|Military ranks of the German Empire|Ranks of the German Bundeswehr|Rank insignia of the German Bundeswehr}}
'''{{lang|de|Kapitänleutnant}}''' is an OF2 rank equivalent to the [[Hauptmann]] (en: Captain) in the [[German Army]] and the [[German Air Force]].

==Netherlands==
In the [[Royal Netherlands Navy]], a ''kapitein-luitenant ter zee'' is equivalent to a US Navy or Royal Navy commander (OF-4).

== Portugal and Brazil ==
In the [[Portuguese Navy]], as well as in most of the other [[Community of Portuguese Language Countries]] navies, a ''capitão-tenente'' is the equivalent naval rank to a British or US lieutenant commander (OF-3). The rank was introduced in the Portuguese Navy in the late 17th century. It was equivalent to an Army lieutenant colonel until the introduction of the rank of [[frigate captain]] in [[1782]] and, from then on, it became equivalent to an Army major.

The [[Brazilian Navy]] uses the rank of ''capitão-tenente'' as the equivalent to the British and US lieutenant (OF-2). Until the introduction of the rank of [[corvette captain]] in [[1906]], the Brazilian Navy followed the Portuguese model of a ''capitão-tenente'' being an equivalent of an Army major.

==Slavophone armed forces==
===Russia===
{{see also|Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation}}
'''''Kapitan-leytenant''''' ({{lang-ru|капитан-лейтенант}}) is a [[Military rank|rank]] in the [[Russian Navy]], previously the [[Red Fleet]]/[[Soviet Navy]] and [[Imperial Russian Navy]]. It is the rank below a [[Captain (naval)|captain]] of the 3rd rank and above a senior lieutenant. In Soviet times, it may be achieved as early as an officer's 5th year of service. In Russian and other East-European navies it is the most senior junior officer rank (equivalent to "captain" in the Army/Ground Forces).

The Russian Navy assigns this rank the two-and-a-half stripe insignia used in Britain and the US for [[lieutenant commander]]s. On the other hand, the US Navy considers this rank equivalent to [[lieutenant]].

In terms of responsibilities, officers of this rank may serve as department heads on larger warships, but may also serve as commanding officers of 3rd and 4th rank warships (Russian ship classifications referring to all from ''Krivak''-class frigates to gunboats and minesweepers).

Unlike the equivalent OF2-rank [[Kapitänleutnant]] in the [[German Navy]], submarines are at least nominally not on the list of eligible positions. In the past, when the boats were smaller, captain-lieutenants were eligible for the submarine command. However, in current Russian ship ranking no modern submarine is given 3rd rank. This reflects the high status of submarines, as all nuclear submarines (SSBN or SSN) are considered 1st rank and large and medium diesels 2nd rank, while smaller 3rd rank submarines simply aren't built.<ref>Polmar, N. (1991) ''The Naval Institute Guide the Soviet Navy''</ref>

; Rank insignia IRA, Soviet Navy, RF Navy:
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; text-align:center; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
|-
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
| 
|colspan=6| Kapitan-leytenant
|- 
| [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|70px|border]]
| [[File:IRN Kapitan-leytenant 1911.jpg|50px]]
| [[File:RAF N F2CaptLt 1943-1955.gif|60px]]
| [[File:RAF N F2CaptLt since 2010par.svg|50px]]
| [[File:Rus navy-kapitan.png|55px]]
| [[File:RAF N F2-KaptLt 2010–.png|55px]]
| [[File:RAF N F2-KaptLt sleeve.png|55px]]
|- 
| 
| colspan=1|shoulder board<br />(1703−1911)
| shoulder board<br />(1943−1955)
| shoulder board<br />(1955−1991)
| ... everyday<br />uniform
| colspan=2 |shoulder board / sleeve insignia <br />(after 2010)
|-
|}

=== Ukrainian Navy  ===
{{see also|Military ranks of Ukraine}}
'''''Captain-lieutenant''''' ({{lang-uk|капітан-лейтенант}}) is a [[Military rank|rank]] in the [[Ukrainian Navy]]. These are equivalent to сaptain (OF-2) in Army.

The armed forces of Ukraine, formed during the collapse of the USSR, adopted the Soviet model of military ranks, as well as the Soviet marks of distinction. For the distinguishing marks, the captain-lieutenant had three tapes (two medium tapes, one above narrow one) on the sleeve, and chains of one lumen on which four small five-pointed stars were placed.

On July 5, 2016, the President of Ukraine approves the "Uniform Design and Signs of the Distinction of the Armed Forces of Ukraine". The draft includes, among other things, military ranks and distinguishing marks for military personnel. The marks of the distinction of servicemen are changing, departing from the Soviet standard.

November 20, 2017 issued by the order of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine No.&nbsp;606, which specifies the rules for wearing and using uniform insignia  by military personnel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://zaxid.net/resources/newsfiles/472933_606_nm_2017_dodatok.pdf |title=Текст наказу Міністерства оборони України №606 від 20.11.2017 р. |access-date=2019-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727212249/https://zaxid.net/resources/newsfiles/472933_606_nm_2017_dodatok.pdf |archive-date=2018-07-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/view/RE31370?an=1 |title=Текст наказу Міністерства оборони України №606 від 20.11.2017 р. на сайті Ліга Закон |access-date=2019-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728002904/https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/view/RE31370?an=1 |archive-date=2018-07-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The distinguishing marks of the captain-lieutenant became three stripes (two middle ones, one narrow one among which). The distinguishing marks are placed on both the sleeves and on the coats.

; Rank insignia UA Navy:
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; text-align:center; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
|
| colspan=3| Captain-Lieutenant
|- 
| [[File: Emblem of the Ukrainian Navy.svg|70px|border]]
| [[File: UA-CLT-NAV.jpg|50px]]
| [[File: UNER14.png |50px]]
| [[File: UNSR04.png |50px]]
|-
| 
| shoulder board<br />(1995−2016)
| colspan=2 |shoulder board / sleeve insignia <br />(after 2016)
|}

==United Kingdom==
Captain-lieutenant was formerly a rank in the [[British Army]]; the senior [[subaltern (rank)|subaltern]] rank, above [[lieutenant]] and below [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]].

A [[regiment]]'s [[field officer]]s – its [[colonel]], [[lieutenant colonel]] and [[Major (rank)|major]] – originally commanded their own [[company (military unit)|companies]], as well as carrying out their regimental command duties.

However, from the 17th century onwards, the colonel increasingly became a patron and ceremonial head instead of an actual tactical commander, with command in the field devolving to the lieutenant colonel. This left the colonel's company without a captain.

The lieutenant of this company thus became its acting captain. This state of affairs was formally recognised with the creation of the rank of captain-lieutenant, with its own entry in the table of prices for the [[purchase of commissions]].

In 1772 captain-lieutenants were granted rank as captains in their regiments and in the Army.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=11251|page=1|date=23–26 May 1772}}</ref> The rank was abolished sometime in the early 19th century in almost all regiments.

The King's Company of the [[Grenadier Guards]] remains under the personal commanded of the Monarch, currently [[King Charles III]], with the rank of Captain-Lieutenant held by a Major within the company. In practice, he is referred to as "The Captain" and acts as a Company Commander. In a similar fashion, his deputy is referred to as "The Second Captain" rather than Company Second-in-Command.

==NATO code==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1"
! NATO code
! Country<ref name="B-1">{{cite book |author1=NATO |title=STANAG 2116 NATO |date=2021 |publisher=NATO Standardization Agency |edition=7th |location=Brussels, Belgium |pages=B-1–B-3}}</ref>
! English equivalent
|-
! OF-4
| Estonia, Netherlands
| [[Commander]]
|-
! OF-3
| Portugal
| [[Lieutenant commander]]
|-
! OF-2
| Albania, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway
| [[Lieutenant (navy)|Lieutenant]]
|}

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
<!-- In alphabetic order of Country please -->
File:Generic-Navy-5.svg|{{lang|sq|Kapiten leitnant}}<br />([[Albanian Navy]])<ref name="Albanian_Navy">{{cite web |title=GRADAT, FORCA DETARE |url=https://aaf.mil.al/gradat/1466-gradat-e-fa |website=aaf.mil.al |access-date=25 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428065156/https://aaf.mil.al/images/pdf/gradat_FD.pdf |archive-date=28 April 2021 |language=sq}}</ref>
File:Azerbaijan-Navy-OF-2.svg|{{lang|az|Kapitan-leytenant}}<br />([[Azerbaijani Navy]])<ref name="Azerbaijan">{{cite web |title=Azərbaycan Respublikası Silahlı Qüvvələri hərbi qulluqçularının hərbi geyim forması və fərqləndirmə nişanları haqqında Əsasnamə |url=https://mod.gov.az//images/pdf/854d34d118da32783a511172925270d7.pdf |website=mod.gov.az |publisher=Ministry of Defense |access-date=16 February 2021 |language=az |pages=64–70 |date=25 June 2001}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-4.svg|{{lang|pt-BR|Capitão-tenente}}<br />([[Brazilian Navy]])<ref name="Brazil_Navy">{{cite web |title=Postos e Graduações |url=https://www.marinha.mil.br/postos-e-graduacoes |website=marinha.mil.br |date=11 July 2017 |publisher=Brazilian Navy |access-date=7 May 2021 |language=pt}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-(star)-O3.svg|{{lang|bg|Капитан-лейтенант}}<br />{{lang|bg-Latn|Kapitan-leytenant}}<br />([[Bulgarian Navy]])<ref name="Bulgaria">{{cite web |title=ЗАКОН ЗА ОТБРАНАТА И ВЪОРЪЖЕНИТЕ СИЛИ НА РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ |url=https://www.lex.bg/bg/laws/ldoc/2135631954 |website=lex.bg |access-date=25 May 2021 |location=Глава седма. ВОЕННА СЛУЖБА |language=bg |date=12 May 2009}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-5.svg|{{lang|da|Kaptajnløjtnant}}<br />([[Royal Danish Navy]])<ref name="Denmark_Navy">{{cite web |title=Søværnets Gradstegn |url=https://forsvaret.dk/globalassets/fko---forsvaret/dokumenter/gradstegn/-sovarnets-gradstegn--.pdf |website=[[forsvaret.dk]] |publisher=Danish Defence |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=da |date=2018}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-7.svg|{{lang|et|Kaptenleitnant}}<br />([[Estonian Navy]])<ref name="Estonia_Navy">{{cite web |title=Sümboolika: Mereväe Auastmed |url=https://mil.ee/kaitsevagi/kaitsevae-symboolika/#t-merevae-auastmed |website=mil.ee |publisher=Estonian Defence Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=et}}</ref>
File:Finland-Navy-OF-2.svg|{{lang|fi|Kapteeniluutnantti}}<br />{{small|{{lang-sv|Kaptenlöjtnant}}}}<br />([[Finnish Navy]])<ref name="Finland">{{cite web |title=Sotilasarvot Puolustusvoimissa |url=https://puolustusvoimat.fi/sotilasarvot |website=puolustusvoimat.fi |publisher=Finnish Defence Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=fi}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-(star)-O4.svg|{{lang|de|Kapitänleutnant}}<br />([[German Navy]])<ref name="Germany_Navy">{{cite web |title=Dienstgradabzeichen Marine |url=https://www.bundeswehr.de/de/aktuelles/mediathek/dienstgradabzeichen-marine-69062 |website=bundeswehr.de |publisher=Bundeswehr |access-date=30 May 2021 |language=de}}</ref>
blank.svg|{{lang|pt|Capitão-tenente}}<br />([[Military of Guinea-Bissau|Navy of Guinea-Bissau]])
File:Russia-Navy-OF-2-Sleeve.svg|{{lang|kk|Капитан-лейтенант}}<br />{{lang|kk-Latn|Kapïtan-leytenant}}<br />([[Kazakh Naval Forces]])<ref name=Kazakhstan>{{cite web |title=Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, басқа да әскерлері мен әскери құралымдары әскери қызметшілерінің әскери киім нысаны және айырым белгілері туралы |url=https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/U1100000144 |website=adilet.zan.kz |publisher=Ministry of Justice (Kazakhstan) |access-date=29 May 2021 |language=kk |date=25 August 2011}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-4.svg|{{lang|lv|Kapteiņleitnants}}<br />([[Latvian Naval Forces]])<ref name="Latvia">{{cite web |title=Pakāpju iedalījums |url=https://www.mil.lv/lv/aktivais-dienests/dienesta-gaita/dienesta-pakapes/pakapju-iedalijums |website=mil.lv/lv |publisher=Latvian National Armed Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=lv}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-5.svg|{{lang|lt|Kapitonas leitenantas}}<br />([[Lithuanian Naval Force]])<ref name="Lithuania">{{cite web |title=Karių laipsnių ženklai |url=http://kariuomene.kam.lt/lt/kariuomenes_atributika/kariu_laipsniu_zenklai_3554.html |website=kariuomene.kam.lt |publisher=Ministry of National Defence (Lithuania) |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=lt}}</ref>
File:Mozambique-Navy-OF-3.svg|{{lang|pt|Capitão-tenente}}<br />([[Mozambique Defence Armed Forces|Mozambique Naval Command]])
File:Generic-Navy-6.svg|{{lang|nl|Kapitein-luitenant ter zee}}<br />([[Royal Netherlands Navy]])<ref name="Netherlands">{{cite web |title=De rangonderscheidingstekens van de krijgsmacht |url=https://www.defensie.nl/binaries/defensie/documenten/brochures/2021/01/15/rangen-krijgsmacht/rangonderscheidingstekens.pdf |publisher=Ministry of Defence (Netherlands) |access-date=18 March 2021 |date=19 December 2016 |language=nl}}</ref>
File:Generic-Navy-5.svg|{{lang|no|Kapteinløytnant}}<br />([[Royal Norwegian Navy]])<ref name="Norway">{{cite web |title=Militære grader |url=https://www.forsvaret.no/om-forsvaret/uniformer-grader-medaljer/grader |website=forsvaret.no |publisher=Norwegian Armed Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=no |date=4 February 2021}}</ref>
File:Romania-Navy-OF-3-Sleeve.svg|{{lang|pt|Capitão-tenente}}<br />([[Portuguese Navy]])<ref name="Portugal_Navy">{{cite web |title=Os Postos |url=https://www.marinha.pt/pt/a-marinha/Paginas/postos.aspx |website=marinha.pt |access-date=26 February 2021 |language=pt}}</ref>
File:Russia-Navy-OF-2-Sleeve.svg|{{lang|ru|Капитан-лейтенант}}<br />{{lang|ru-Latn|Kapitan-leytenant}}<br />([[Russian Navy]])<ref name="Russia_Navy">{{cite book |title=Приказ Министра обороны Российской Федерации от 09.10.2020 № 525 (Зарегистрирован 16.11.2020 № 60927) |date=17 November 2020 |publisher=publication.pravo.gov.ru/ |pages=320–323 |url=http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202011170028?index=318&rangeSize=1 |access-date=15 September 2021 |language=ru}}</ref>
File:STeP Navy OF-3.svg|{{lang|pt|Capitão-tenente}}<br />([[Armed Forces of São Tomé and Príncipe|Coast Guard of São Tomé and Príncipe]])
File:Romania-Navy-OF-3-Sleeve.svg|{{lang|pt|Capitão-tenente}}<br />([[East Timor Navy]])
File:Russia-Navy-OF-2-1994-everyday.svg|{{lang|tk|Kapitan-leýtenant}}<br />([[Turkmen Naval Forces]])<ref name="Turkmenistan">{{cite web |title=TÜRKMENISTANYŇ KANUNY Harby borçlulyk we harby gulluk hakynda (Türkmenistanyň Mejlisiniň Maglumatlary 2010 ý., № 3, 58-nji madda) (Türkmenistanyň 01.10.2011 ý. № 234-IV Kanuny esasynda girizilen üýtgetmeler we goşmaçalar bilen) |trans-title=LAW OF TURKMENISTAN On military service and military service (Information of the Mejlis of Turkmenistan, 2010, No. 3, Article 58) (as amended by the Law of Turkmenistan of October 1, 2011 No. 234-IV)  |url=https://milligosun.gov.tm/storage/file/04-harby-borclulyk-we-harby-gulluk-hakynda-ky9J0pKxTQ.pdf |website=milligosun.gov.tm |publisher=Ministry of Defense (Turkmenistan) |access-date=2 June 2021 |pages=28–29 |language=tk}}</ref>
File:Ukraine-Navy-OF-2.svg|{{lang|uk|Капітан-лейтенант}}<br />{{lang|uk-Latn|Kapitan-leytenant}}<br />([[Ukrainian Navy]])<ref name="Ukraine">{{cite web |title=НАКАЗ 20.11.2017 № 606 |url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1502-17#Text |website=zakon.rada.gov.ua |publisher=Ministry of Justice of Ukraine |access-date=2 June 2021 |language=uk |date=13 December 2017}}</ref>
File:08.UZN-CPLT.svg|{{lang|uz|Kapitan-leytenant}}<br />([[Uzbek River Force]])<ref name="Uzbekistan">{{cite web |title=O'zbekiston Respublikasi fuqarolarining harbiy xizmatni o'tash tartibi to'g'risida |url=https://lex.uz/docs/-4513434 |website=lex.uz |publisher=Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan |access-date=3 June 2021 |language=uz |date=12 September 2019}}</ref>
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Military ranks of Russia]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Germany]]
[[Category:Military ranks]]
[[Category:Military ranks of the British Army]]
[[Category:Naval ranks]]
[[Category:Military ranks of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Captains]]