Brontekst bekijken van 10 cm Nebelwerfer 35

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox weapon
|name=10&nbsp;cm Nebelwerfer 35
| image=10cmNbW35.jpg
| image_size = 300
|caption=Allied intelligence diagram of a 10&nbsp;cm NbW 35
|origin=[[Nazi Germany]]
|type=[[Mortar (weapon)|Mortar]]
<!-- Type selection -->
|is_ranged=
|is_bladed=
|is_explosive=
|is_artillery=yes
|is_vehicle=
|is_UK=
<!-- Service history -->
|service=1939-1945
|used_by={{flag|Nazi Germany}}
|wars=[[World War II]]
<!-- Production history -->
|designer=[[Rheinmetall]]
|design_date=1934–39
|manufacturer=
|production_date=1939–41
|number=
|unit_cost= 1,500 [[Reichsmark|RM]]
|variants=
<!-- General specifications -->
|weight=105&nbsp;kg (231.48&nbsp;lbs)
|length=
|part_length={{convert|1.344|m|ftin|abbr=on|sigfig=1}} L/13
|width=
|height=
|crew=7
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
|cartridge={{convert|7.38|kg|lboz|abbr=on}}
|caliber=105&nbsp;mm (4.13&nbsp;in)
|action=
|rate=10–15&nbsp;rpm
|velocity=193&nbsp;m/s (633&nbsp;ft/s)
|range=
|max_range={{convert|3|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|feed=
|sights=
<!-- Artillery specifications -->
|breech=
|recoil=
|carriage=
|elevation=45° to 90°
|traverse=28°
<!-- Explosive specifications -->
|diameter=
|filling=
|filling_weight=
|detonation=
|yield=
}}

The ''' 10&nbsp;cm Nebelwerfer 35 ''' (10&nbsp;cm NbW 35) was a heavy [[mortar (weapon)|mortar]] used by Germany during [[World War II]]. Much like the American [[M2 4.2 inch mortar]] it was intended to deliver chemical munitions, such as gas and smoke shells. Unlike the American weapon it appears to have had an ordinary [[high-explosive shell]] from the beginning. It was of conventional design, and was virtually a scaled-up [[8 cm sGrW 34|8&nbsp;cm GrW 34]]. It broke down into the standard three loads for transport. The tube weighed {{convert|31.7|kg|lb|abbr=on}}, the baseplate {{convert|36.3|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and the bipod {{convert|32.2|kg|lb|abbr=on}}. Each could be man-packed for some distance, but small handcarts were issued for longer distances. Each mortar squad consisted of a squad leader, three gunners and three ammunition bearers.<ref>{{cite book|last=Niehorster|first=Leo W. G.|title=Mechanized GHQ Units and Waffen-SS Formations (10th May 1940)|publisher=Niehorster|location=Hannover|year=1990|series=German World War II Organizational Series|volume=2/II|page=33}}</ref>

It was initially deployed in ({{lang-de|Nebelwerfer}} "smoke mortar") battalions belonging to the Chemical Corps of the [[German Army (Wehrmacht)|Heer]]; exactly how the American initially fielded their own 4.2&nbsp;inch mortar in [[chemical mortar battalion]]s. From 1941 they were replaced by the [[10&nbsp;cm Nebelwerfer 40]] and the [[15&nbsp;cm Nebelwerfer 41]] [[multiple rocket launcher]].

== Operational use ==
Initially they were deployed in ''Nebelwerfer'' battalions numbered 1 to 9, plus the ''Nebel-Lehr Abteilung (Demonstration Battalion)'' and saw service in the [[Battle of France]] and Russia during [[Operation Barbarossa]].

Specialist units using these mortars were also formed, such as ''Gebirgs-Werfer-Abteilung (Mountain Mortar Battalion) 10'' which was formed in Finland in early 1942 by expanding ''Nebelwerfer-Batterie 222''., This had itself been converted from ''8th Battery'' of ''Artillery Regiment 222'' of the ''181st Infantry Division'' during the [[Operation Weserübung|invasion of Norway]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sturmvogel.orbat.com/werfer.html |title=Army Nebelwerfer Units<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=1 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206140050/http://sturmvogel.orbat.com/werfer.html |archive-date=6 February 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Following their replacement in the chemical corps, further uses were found for the mortars, including issue to Fallschirmjager units as Heavy Mortars.<ref>Grey Wolf, Battlefront Miniatures 2012</ref>

==Notes==
<references/>

== References ==
* Gander, Terry and Chamberlain, Peter. ''Weapons of the Third Reich: An Encyclopedic Survey of All Small Arms, Artillery and Special Weapons of the German Land Forces 1939-1945''. New York: Doubleday, 1979 {{ISBN|0-385-15090-3}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.lonesentry.com/manuals/tme30/ch7sec3.html mortar page from TM-E 30-451 Handbook on German Military Forces]
{{WWIIGermanGuns}}

[[Category:World War II field artillery]]
[[Category:World War II infantry mortars of Germany]]
[[Category:100 mm artillery]]
[[Category:Chemical weapon delivery systems]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1930s]]