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{{more footnotes|date=May 2018}}

{{Infobox weapon
|name= Maschinenkarabiner 42(W)
| image=Mkb 42W (Walther).jpg
| image_size = 300
|caption=The Walther MKb 42(W)
|type=[[Assault rifle]]

|service=1942–1945
|origin=Germany

|designer=[[Carl Walther GmbH|Walther]]
|number=200
|spec_label=

|action=[[Gas-operated reloading|Gas-operated]], [[rotating bolt]], [[selective-fire]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.forgottenweapons.com/mkb-42w-the-sturmgewehr-that-never-was/ | title = MKb-42(W) – The Sturmgewehr That Never Was | last = McCollum | first = Ian | date = 6 July 2018 | website = ForgottenWeapons.com | access-date = 6 July 2018}}</ref>

|is_ranged=Yes

|used_by= Germany
|design_date=1940-41
|manufacturer=Walther
|unit_cost=
|production_date=1942
|variants=

|length={{convert|933|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
|part_length={{convert|409|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="Chamberlain 1976" />
|width=
|height=
|weight={{convert|4.4|kg|lboz|abbr=on}} empty
|cartridge=[[7.92×33mm Kurz]]<ref name="janesrec">{{citation |title=Jane's Guns Recognition Guide |first1=Ian |last1=Hogg |first2=Terry |last2=Gander |publisher=Harper & Collins |year=2005 |page= 287}}</ref>
|rate=600 rpm
|velocity={{convert|650|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}
|range={{convert|600|m|yd|abbr=on}} single fire<br>{{convert|300|m|yd|abbr=on}} burst<br>{{convert|200|m|yd|abbr=on}} continuous
|max_range={{convert|800|m|yd|abbr=on}} sighted<ref name="Natzvaladze 1996" />
|feed=30 round detachable [[box magazine]]
|sights=Adjustable sights, rear: V-notch; front: hooded post
}}

The '''Maschinenkarabiner 42(W)''' (German: "machine carbine model 1942 (Walther)" ) or '''MKb 42(W)''' was an early German [[assault rifle]] designed in 1940-41 by [[Carl Walther GmbH|Walther]] during [[World War II]]. The Mkb 42(W), and the more successful [[Maschinenkarabiner 42(H)]] designed by Haenel, were predecessors of the [[StG 44|Sturmgewehr 44]] (StG 44) assault rifle.

==History==
As early as 1918 the [[German Army]] began to study the feasibility of an intermediate round and rifle.<ref name="Natzvaladze 1996">{{Cite book|title=The Trophies Of The Red Army During The Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. Volume 1|last=Natzvaladze|first=Yury|publisher=Land O'Sun Printers|year=1996|location=Scottsdale, Arizona|pages=170–176}}</ref> However, a combination of military orthodoxy, limited funds and the arms development restrictions of the [[Treaty of Versailles|Versailles Treaty]] led Germany to adopt the Mauser [[Karabiner 98k|Karabiner 98K]] on 21 June 1935. From 1939 onwards the German Army gathered combat reports which were analyzed to determine combat conditions and tactical trends in order to develop new tactics and equipment requirements.<ref name="Chamberlain 1976">{{Cite book|title=Sub-machine guns and automatic rifles|last=Chamberlain|first=Peter|date=1976|publisher=Arco Pub. Co|others=Gander, Terry|isbn=0668040130|location=New York|pages=23}}</ref> One of the lessons which re-emerged was the existing [[7.92×57mm Mauser|7.92x57mm]] rifle cartridge was more powerful and long ranged than what was needed. Since most combat took place at ranges less than {{convert|400|m|yd|abbr=on}} a less powerful round could be used, which would mean a soldier could carry more ammunition, the weapon could be shorter, lighter and with less recoil the gun could be an automatic.<ref name="Chamberlain 1976" /> [[Submachine guns]] had existed since the [[First World War]], but they used pistol caliber ammunition and lacked both the range and accuracy the German Army was looking for. A new [[intermediate cartridge]] was needed and the [[7.92×33mm Kurz]] was designed in response to this requirement. The specification called for a new weapon which was larger than a submachine gun, more accurate, longer ranged and more maneuverable than a full sized rifle.

== Design ==

Contracts for weapons firing the 7.92×33mm Kurz round were issued to both Haenel and Walther, who were asked to submit prototype weapons under the name ''Maschinenkarabiner 1942''.<ref name=janesrec/> The (H) and (W) in their titles referred to the first initial of each guns manufacturer Haenel and [[Walther Arms, Inc.|Walther]] to differentiate the two. The MKb 42(W) fired from a [[closed bolt]] and used a [[Hammer (firearms)|hammer firing]] system, while the [[Maschinenkarabiner 42(H)|MKb 42(H)]] fired from an [[open bolt]] and used a striker for firing. Both used a large amount of stamped parts to speed and simplify construction while keeping down costs. The parts were then riveted or spot welded together.<ref name="Hogg 2000">
{{Cite book
| first= Ian
| last= Hogg
| others= Weeks, John S.
| title= Military small arms of the 20th century
| year= 2000
| edition= 7th
| publisher= Krause Publications
| location= Iola, WI
| isbn= 0873418247
| pages= 242
| oclc= 45015519
}}
</ref>
In December 1940, a prototype rifle each from Haenel and Walther was tested by the [[Waffenamt|HWA]] at [[Kummersdorf]]. Both designs were tested on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]] during 1942 and the Haenel design proved superior to Walther's MKb 42(W). The German Army ordered a number of changes be made to the MKb 42(H) and the designation for the new rifle was '''MP 43'''. The majority of the MP 43's features came from the MKb 42(H), with the hammer firing system and closed bolt coming from the MKb 42(W).<ref name="Hogg 2000"/>

==See also==
*[[AS-44|Sudayev AS-44]]
*[[Fedorov Avtomat]]
*[[AK-47|Kalashnikov AK-47]]
*[[List of assault rifles]]

==References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Walther}}
{{WWIIGermanInfWeapons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Walther MKb 42(W)}}
[[Category:7.92×33mm Kurz assault rifles]]
[[Category:Assault rifles of Germany]]
[[Category:Gas-operated firearms]]
[[Category:Research and development in Nazi Germany]]
[[Category:World War II assault rifles]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1943]]
[[Category:World War II infantry weapons of Germany]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1942]]

Maschinenkarabiner 42(W) - Bewerkingsoverzicht

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