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<p><b>Nieuwe pagina</b></p><div>{{short description|Military rank which is used by both the British Army and Marines}}<br />
{{For|other countries which use this rank|Major (disambiguation){{!}}Major}}<br />
{{refimprove|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox military rank<br />
| name = Major<br />
| image = {{nobreak|[[File:British Army (1920-1953) OF-3.svg|50px]] [[File:British Royal Marines OF-3.svg|50px]]}}<br />
| image_size = <br />
| caption = Army and Royals Marines insignia<br />
| country = {{flag|United Kingdom}}<br />
| service branch = {{army|United Kingdom}}<br />{{Marines|United Kingdom}}<br />
| abbreviation = Maj<br />
| rank =<br />
| NATO rank = [[Ranks and insignia of NATO armies officers#Officers (OF 1–10)|OF-3]]<br />
| Non-NATO rank = <br />
| formation =<br />
| abolished =<br />
| higher rank = [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant colonel]]<br />
| lower rank = [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]]<br />
| equivalents = {{unbulleted list|[[Lieutenant commander (Royal Navy)|Lieutenant commander]] ([[Royal Navy|RN]])|[[Squadron leader]] ([[Royal Air Force|RAF]])}}<br />
| history = <br />
}}<br />
'''Major''' ('''Maj''') is a military rank which is used by both the [[British Army]] and [[Royal Marines]]. The rank is superior to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]] and subordinate to [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|lieutenant colonel]]. The insignia for a major is a [[Crown (headgear)|crown]]. The equivalent rank in the [[Royal Navy]] is [[Lieutenant commander (Royal Navy)|lieutenant commander]], and [[squadron leader]] in the [[Royal Air Force]].<br />
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==History==<br />
By the time of the [[Napoleonic Wars|Napoleonic wars]], an [[infantry]] [[battalion]] usually had two majors, designated the "senior major" and the "junior major". The senior major effectively acted as [[second-in-command]] and the majors often commanded detachments of two or more [[company (military unit)|companies]] split from the main body. The second-in-command of a battalion or [[regiment]] is still a major.<br />
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<gallery><br />
File:British-Army-Maj(1856-1867)-Collar Insignia.svg|1856 to 1867 major's collar rank insignia<br />
File:British-Army-Maj(1867-1880)-Collar Insignia.svg|1867 to 1880 major's collar rank insignia<br />
File:British&Empire-Army-Maj(1881-1902).svg|1881 to 1902 major's shoulder rank insignia<br />
</gallery><br />
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During World War I, majors wore the following cuff badges:<br />
<gallery><br />
File:World War I British Army major's rank insignia (sleeve, general pattern).png|1902 to 1920 major's sleeve rank insignia (general pattern)<br />
File:World War I British Army major's rank insignia (sleeve, Scottish pattern).png|1902 to 1920 major's sleeve rank insignia (Scottish pattern)<br />
</gallery><br />
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During World War I, some officers took to wearing similar jackets to the men, with the rank badges on the shoulder, as the cuff badges made them conspicuous to snipers. This practice was frowned on outside the trenches but was given official sanction in 1917 as an alternative, being made permanent in 1920 when the cuff badges were abolished.<br />
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From 1 April 1918 to 31 July 1919, the Royal Air Force maintained the rank of major. It was superseded by the rank of squadron leader on the following day.<br />
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By [[World War I]], majors were often commanding independent companies, [[Squadron (army)|squadrons]], and [[artillery battery|batteries]], but those that were organically part of a regiment or battalion were still usually commanded by captains. After [[World War II]], major became the usual rank held by [[Officer Commanding|officers commanding]] all companies, squadrons, and batteries. In the 21st century British Army, officers normally attain the rank after around eight to 10 years of commissioned service. A common job for a major is the command of a sub-unit of 120 or fewer junior officers and soldiers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.army.mod.uk/structure/32321.aspx |title=Our People Ranks |work=[[The British Army]] |access-date=4 November 2018}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
{{Portal bar|United Kingdom}}<br />
*[[British and U.S. military ranks compared]]<br />
*[[British Army Other Ranks rank insignia]]<br />
*[[British Army officer rank insignia]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{UK officer ranks}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Military ranks of the British Army]]<br />
[[Category:Military ranks of the Royal Marines]]<br />
[[Category:Former military ranks of the Royal Air Force]]</div>Colani