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<p><b>Nieuwe pagina</b></p><div>{{Short description|Military rank}}<br />
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[[File:Artillerymen (1812) by Nikolai Zaretsky 1911.jpg|thumb|192px|Russian ''Bombardier'' <small>(left)</small> and ''[[Feuerwerker]]'' <small>(right)</small> (1812).]]<br />
{{Military ranks}}<br />
'''Bombardier''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ɒ|m|b|ə|ˈ|d|ɪər}}) is a military rank that has existed since the 16th century in [[artillery]] regiments of various armies, such as in the [[British Army]] and the [[Prussian Army]]. Traditionally the bombardier tended the vents at the top of breeches, handled the final assembly of ammunition and placed the ammunition in the muzzles for the gunners to fire.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McKenney |first1=Janice E. |title=The Organizational History of Field Artillery, 1775–2003 |url=https://history.army.mil/html/books/OH_of_FA/CMH_60-16-1.pdf |website=U.S. Army Center of Military History |date=2007}}</ref> It is today equivalent to the rank of [[corporal]] in other branches.<ref name="ox">{{cite web |url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/bombardier |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804155930/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/bombardier |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 August 2012 |title=Bombardier |author=Oxford dictionary |access-date=19 August 2012}}</ref> The rank of lance bombardier is the artillery counterpart of [[lance corporal]].<br />
[[File:Bombardier Duncan Bromwich.jpg|left|thumb|246x246px|Bombardier Duncan Bromwich of Leyton, England (1893–1917) in his Royal Field Artillery Bombardier uniform.]]<br />
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== Commonwealth armies ==<br />
Bombardier (Bdr) and lance bombardier (LBdr or L/Bdr) are used by the [[British Army]] in the [[Royal Artillery]] and [[Royal Horse Artillery]]. The same applies to the [[Royal Australian Artillery]], the [[Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery]], the [[South African Army Artillery Formation]] and the [[Armed Forces of Malta]]. The [[Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery]] uses the ranks of master bombardier and bombardier, corresponding to [[master corporal]] and corporal.<br />
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Originally, the Royal Artillery had corporals, but not lance corporals. Unlike a lance corporal, a bombardier, who was junior to a corporal, held full non-commissioned rank and not an acting appointment. The rank was equivalent to [[second corporal]] in the [[Royal Engineers]] and [[Royal Army Ordnance Corps|Army Ordnance Corps]].<br />
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In 1920 corporals were abolished in the Royal Artillery; bombardiers became the equivalent and acquired the normal two chevrons.<br />
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The rank of lance bombardier originated as acting bombardier, an appointment similar to lance corporal and also indicated by a single chevron. The appointment was renamed lance bombardier in February 1918. It became a full rank, along with lance corporal, in 1961.<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[British Army other ranks rank insignia]]<br />
* [[List of comparative military ranks]]<br />
* [[Canadian Armed Forces ranks and insignia]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist|2}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
*{{Wikisource-inline|list=<br />
**{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Bombardier|year=1905|short=x |noicon=x}}<br />
**{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Bombardier |short=x |noicon=x}}<br />
}}<br />
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[[Category:Military ranks of the Commonwealth]]<br />
[[Category:Military ranks of Australia]]<br />
[[Category:Military ranks of Canada]]<br />
[[Category:Military ranks of the British Army]]<br />
[[Category:Artillery speciality]]<br />
[[Category:Royal Artillery]]<br />
[[Category:Military ranks of Germany]]</div>Colani